Removable core cylinder



March 6, 1945. T. H. JoHNsToNE REMOVABLE CORE CYLINDER Filed Aug. 4, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet l Ill/e E mm l u will @u w IN VEN TOR mmm@ M ,m fw r HH. 7

ATTORNEY March 6, 1945. T.' H. JoHNsToNE REMOVABLE CORE CYLINDER Filed Aug. 4, 1943" 2 Sheets-Sheet '2 ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 6, 1945 UNITED STATESA PATENT 'oF-FICE CORE CYLINDER Theodorell. Johnstone, Detroit, Mich., assigner t to The Yale & Towne Manufacturing Company, Stamford, Conn., a corporation of Connecticut vApplication August 4, i943, Serial No. 497,303 y (Cl. 'l0-367) 20 Claims.

This invention relates to a ylock mechanism known in the art as a`removable core cylinder. A lock mechanism of the particular -class may comprise a core housing of the type'that is formed with s'crew threads whereby to be screwed into assembled relationy to a lock casing, and with a cam thereon adapted for rotation by a removable cylinder lock core within the core housing. The

cylinder lock core is adapted for easy'insertion and removal relatively to the core housing, and means are provided for retaining it in the core housing and for readily releasing it for-removal from the core housing.

.The cylinder lock core in locks of this class is generally of the type having a key plug mounted As still a further feature of my invention I provide means whereby the movement of the retainer into position to release the cylinder lock core vfor movement out of the core housing,lo'cks the key plug against rotation. This relationship of the parts prevents the attack of the lock through the application of pressure from the retainer against the drivers, whereby to hold the drivers in an upfor'rotation thereim'the key plug being adapted to actuate the cani on the core housing through a connection that is effected when the cylinder lock core is inserted into the core housing. Tumblers are provided to lock the key plug relatively' to the cylinder portion o f the cylinder lock core, and these tumblers'are adapted 'to be set by a key inserted in the keyway of the key plug. My invention relates more particularly to a new and novel means for retaining the cylinderlock core within the core housing, and for eiecting its removal from said core housing, preferably under the control of key set tumblers.l

More particularly, the removable core cylinder Cof this application is a modification of the removable core cylinder set forth in my application Serial No. 474,805 iiled February 5,*1943. As set forth in my earlier application'the removable cylinder lock core is of the type having a 'rotatable key plug that is locked against rotation relatively to the cylinder lock core by a series of tumblers and drivers. vProper positioning of the tumblers will release the key plug for rotation. Properpositioning of the drivers,- which preferably is incidental toa different positioning of the tumblers than when the key plug isreleased, permits the movement of a retainer to release position to allow removal ofthe cylinder lock core from the core housing. f j

As one feature of my invention, the retainer is secured for movement integrally with a push button that is'mounted at the front of acylinder lock core for manual manipulation. vAs still a further feature ofvthis part of my inventio-n, the retainer and the push button are maintained in preassembled relation to a scalp forthe cylinder lock core, so that when the scalp is applied to the cylinder lock core, the retainer and push button are also placed in operative relation to the remaining structure. l ff ward inoperative position as the 4tumblers drop and release the key plug. VThis feature of my in vention will be more adequately set forth hereinafter. l l

f A-furtherfeature of my invention resides in the meanswhereby a spring holding plate for the core housing is maintained in assembled relation to the core housing by the scalp secured to the front end of the cylinder lock core.

Still a further feature of my inventionresides in ablocking means on the cylinder lock'core to lprevent endwise displacement of the cylinder lock core relatively to vthe retainer, thereby preventing effectivelythe separation of the cylinder ylock core from theretainerand the removal of the cylinder lock-core from the core housing.

Referring now to the drawings, Fig. 1 is a front view showing my removable core cylinder.

ifFig. 2 is an exploded view ofr the parts of my invention.

' Fig.l 3 is a vertical section throughv the cylinder lock core and the core housing.

Fig. 4 is a view of theparts of Fig. 3 when the drivers have been positioned for the release movement of the retainer.

Fig.l 5 is a section taken along lines 5-5 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a section taken along lines 6 6 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a sectiontaken along lines 1-1 of Fig. fi. y

Fig.' 8 is a perspective viewshowing the subassembly comprising the scalp, the push button and the retainer bar.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing a preferred form 'of the driver.

Referring now more particularly to the drawy ings, and especially Figs. 1, 2 and 3, reference nukmeral I0 designates a core housing of the type that is threaded as at l I for assembly to a mortise lock. As those skilled in the art will readily appreciate, the core housing of my invention may take the form of a cylinder to be used. in connection with a night latch, or part of a padlock casing, etc. Rotatable relatively to core housing I0 is a cam l2 fastened'to a disc I3 lcarried within the core housing andthrough which' the cam l2 is retained relatively to the core housing. Twoconnecting pins I4 extend inwardly from the disc I3 and are adapted to enter bores I5 of a key plug I1 mounted in cylinder lock core I6, as best shown inFig. 5.

The` key plug il' is rotatable within cylinder lock core I6 and is formed with the usual keyway i8 for the insertion of a key such as the key I9 of Figs. 2 and 4. The key plug Il and the cylinder lock core I6 are formed with a series of tumbier bores and driver bores 2| respectively. Tumblers 22 are mounted in the tumbler bores 20 for Contact by a key such as key I9, and cooperate with drivers 23 in -bores 2| for setting those drivers against the pressure of kSprings 24 maintained in position in bores 2I 'by'a spring holding plate 25. When a proper key is inserted and sets the tumblers 22 and'. drivers 23 so that their parting lines align with the periphery of the key plug then the key plug may rotate freely, all as is well understood by those skilled in the art. l

The drivers A23 are of novel form as best illustrated in Fig. 9. In common withthe usual practice, they are of diierent lengths and are slotted as at 26 to form a deep release slot, and as at 2'| to form shallow pick-resisting slo-ts. When the tumblers 22 position the drivers 23 so that their deep slots 2S are aligned as in Figs. 4 and 7, then the retainer memberl 28 may move to its position of Fig. 7 in which its fence portion 29 is within the release slots 26. The retainer 28 is best illustrated in Fig. A.8, wherein it is shown formed with a retaining lug 30 as well as a fence 29, and with a forward slide portion 3|. This slide 3| is secured as by a pin 32 to a button 33 all as is well illustrated in Fig. 3 in addition to Fig. 8.

The particular assembly of the parts makes an integral unit of the push button v33 and the retainer 28. 'The push `button 33 is-assembled to `the slide 3I by the pin 32 traversing a slot 34 in a scalp 35,'tl2is scalp being adapted for insertion over the front end of the cylinder lock core I6 as best seen in Fig. 2. In Fig. 2, the scalp 35 is s shown secured as by a screw 36 to the cylinder lock core I6, but other preferred means may be used if desired. The particular sub-assembly of Fig. Sis an important part of my invention and facilitates the easy assembly of my lock and effects a reduction in the cost of the lock. It is now quite obvious that the push button 33 may move the fence 29 of the retainer 28 into vthe aligned gatings or slots 26 of the drivers 23' when those drivers are aligned as in Figs. 4 and'.

At this point, it may be wen to indicate that' because of the particular shape of the drivers'23, they are not rotatable` in the bores in which they are mounted so that the deep slots 26 are always positioned to face the fence 29 of the retainer 28. The retainer 28 is slidable laterally in Fig. 7 in a horizontal slot'AD formed in the cylinder lock core |6 and lis of course movable from its release position of Fig. -7 into its retaining position of Fig. 6 in which its lug portion 30 is within a retainer groove 4I in the core housthrough slot. To forestall such an attack of my lock mechanism I apply a blocking lug 42 to the cylinder lock core I6 through the intermediary of a screw 43. It is now obvious that the lug 30 will cooperate with the blocking lug 42 to prevent the outward movement of the cylinder lock core I6 relatively to the retainer and out of core housing tu. .l

The spring holding plate 25 to which I.have heretofore alluded, holds the several springs 24 in operative position. The plate 25 is formed with downwardly extending lugs 25a iitting into grooves 25h in the core housing I0 to prevent outward movement of the plate 25 away from the core housing. To hold the plate 25 against endwise movement I utilize the scalp 35, that scalp being inserted, as best shown in Fig. 3, over theiorward downwardly bent surface 25e of the spring holding plate 25.

As was heretofore indicated, the several drivers are equipped with shallow pick-resisting slots 21 in addition to the deep release .slots 26. Pressure may be brought by the manual operation .of the retainer 28 so as to cause the'fence portion 29 of the retainer to hold the drivers 23 in an extreme upward position entirely within the cylinder lock core. It is conceivable that the lock might thus be defeated and the key plug .ll

rotated without a proper key. In order to prevent this defeat of the lock, the key plug is formed with a at surface lla as best illustrated in Fig. 6, this surface being at the front end of plug as further illustrated in Fig. 3. .Slide 3| is cut away at 3lb not to interfere with the rotation of the key plug when the parts .are in the position of Fig. 6. Movement of the slide 3| with the retainer 28, such as will carry the fence 29 of the retainer toward and into the shallow slots '21, or deep slots 26 vas Ain Fig. 7 will effect the movement of the portion .3|a vof the slide .3| over the surface |`|a of the key plug This will of course prevent the effective rotation of the key plug Il. It is therefore seen that any attempt to attack my lock through the applica tion of pressure against the drivers, will lock the key plug against rotation. This is lan important `feature of my invention and may readilyloe applied to other structures in this art.

It may be well to review the operation vof the y mechanism. Should any one apply the usual v key to the lock, the tumblersZZ and the drivers ing I0. Obviously, the lug 30 willA prevent any removal of the cylinder lock core IS from the core housing until the retainer is moved to the position of Fig. 7.

Should an attempt be made Ito 'force the :cylinder lock core forwardly;v that is, in the direction of the arrow F in Fig. 5, there will ice nothing to prevent the removal .of thecylinder lock core since the slotl as isbest seen in Fig. 2 is av 23 will be set with their parting lines corresponding to the periphery of the key plug Il, and the key plug may then be rotated. Should' the removal key, herein designated by reference numeral I9 be used, then vthe drivers 23 Iwill be set into their position illustrated in figs. 4 and 7. In the position of the drivers in Figs. 4 and?, their deep release slots 26 are aligned The push button 33 may then be moved manually to enter the fence 29 .of the retainer 28 into the aligned deep slots 25. This action withdraws the lug 30 of the retainer from the slot 4I of the core housing III. With the parts in the position of Fig. '7, the tumblers `22 lock the key I9 within the key plug so that a pull on the key I9 will then withdraw the entire cylinder lock core I6 `^from the .vcore housing I Il as is well illustrated in Fig. 2. NaturallyJ it is very easy to reinsert`.the

`cylinder lock core I6 into the core housing and blers and therefore releases thev key I9 for rel moval.

Should an attempt be made to pick the lock as yby the application of force to the drivers 23 by the fence 29 'of the retainer 28,'the movement of the fence 29' into the shallow slots 21 will cause the portion 3la `of the slide 3| to lock the ykey plug l'l against rotation. This of course defeats any attack along the particularvline. I believe that the operation and structure of my invention will now be apparent to those skilled in the art.

I now claim:

1. In a lock of the class described', a core housing, a cylinder lock core in said housing, a key plug movable in sai-d cylinder lock core, a retainer extending between said 'cylinder lock -core and said core housing for locking said cylinder lock core against removal from said core housing, said retainer being movable into a. release position in which it releases said cylinder lock core for movement out of said core housing, and means whereby when said retainer moves toward said release position sai-d key plug isv locked against movementrelatively to said cylinder lock.

2. In a lock of the class described, a core housing, a cylinder lock core in said housing, a key plug movable in said cylinder lock core, a retainer extending between said cylinder lock core and'said core housing for locking said cylinder lock core against removal from said core housing, said retainer being movable into a release position in which it releases said cylinder lock core for movement out of said Icore housing, and means whereby said retainer locks the key' plug against movement when said retainer moves towardv said release position.

y lease position, and means whereby said retainer elects 'the locking of said key plug against rotation when said retainer moves towards its release position. a

6. Ina lock of the class described, a' core housing, a cylinder lock corein said housing, a key plug movable in said cylinder lock core, tumblers and driversV operating in'aligned openings-in said cylinder lock core and key plug and set by a key in a keyway formed in said key plug, a

Ito retain said cylinder lock core 'in said core 3. In a lock of the class described, a core ho-usand said core housing for locking said cylinder lock lcore against removal l:from said clore housing, said retainer beingmovable into a release position in which it releases said cylinder lock core for movement out of said core housing, and y a portion of said retainer moving into position relatively to a part of said key plug when said retainer moves toward said release position for locking said key plug against movement.

4. In a lock of the class described, a core housing, a cylinder lock core in saidhousing, a key `plug rotatable in said cylinder lock core, tumblers locking said key plug against rotation relatively tosaid cylinder lock core, a retainer mov` ably mounted on said cylinder lock core and adapted whenin a retainingV position to retain said cylinder lock core in said corey housing and when in its release position to'release said cylinder lock core for movement out of said core housing, and means whereby said retainer eiects the locking of said key plug against rotation when said retainer moves towards its release position.

5. In a lock of the class described, a core housing, a cylinder lock'core in said housing, a key plug vrotatable in said cylinder lock core,v tumblers lockingsaid key plug against rotation relatively to said cylinder lock core, a retainer movably mounted on said cylinderlock core and adapted when in a retaining position to' retain said cylinder lock core in said core housing and when i-n its release position to release said cylinder lock core for movement out of said core housing, the particular positioning ofsaid tumblers releasing said retainer for movement to -re' housing and when in its release position torelease said cylinder lock core for movement out of said core housing, said drivers preventing the movement of said retainer to release position until certain slots in said drivers are properly aligned by said key operation, and means whereby the-movement of said retainer towards said tumbler slots eiects the locking of said key plug against movement relatively to said cylinder lock core. 7. In a lock of the class described, a corehous ing, a cylinder lock core in saidv housing, a key plug movable in said`cylinder lock core, tumblers and drivers operating in'aligned openings in said cylinder lock core and vkey plug and set by a key in a keyway formedin said key-plug, a retainer movably mounted on said cylinder lock core and adapted when in a retaining position to retain said cylinder lock core iny said core housing and when in its release position to release said cylinder lock core for movement out of said core housing, said drivers preventingsthe movement of said retainer to release position until certain deep slots of'said'drivers are aligned opposite a portion of said retainer, said drivers having false shallow slots into which said retainer is movable to prevent defeat of said driver control, means for moving said retainer towards said drivers and away from said retaining position, and means for locking said key plug against rotation in said cylinder lock core when saidretainer moves into said shallow slots.

8. In a lock of the class described, a core housing, a cylinder lock core in said housing, a key plug movable in said cylinder lock core, tumblers and drivers operating in aligned openings in said cylinder lock core and key plug and set by a key in a keyway formed in said key plug, a retainer movably mounted in said cylinder lock core'and adapted when in a retaining -position to retain said cylinder lock core in said core housing and when in its release position to release said cylinder lock core for movement out of said' core housing, said drivers preventing the movement of said retainer to release position until certain deep slots of said drivers are aligned opposite a portion of said retainer, said drivers having false shallow slots into which said retainer is movable to'prevent defeat of said driver control, means for movlng said retainer towards said driversandaway from retaining position, and a part of said retainer locking said key plug against rotation in said cylinder lock core when said retainer moves into said shallow slots.-

9. In a lock of the class described, a core hous` ing, a cylinder lock core in said housing, a key plug movable in said lock core, a retainer mounted for movement on said cylinder locky core, a scalp adapted to be `secured over the front end of said cylinder lock corela button movable onQ-the outside of said scalp, and means extending between Ysaid button and'saidretainer through anl opening in ,Said scalp whereby said retainer, said scalp and said button form a sub-assemblyfor easy application to said cylinder lock coreano with said button and retainer movable as a unit relatively to said scalp and cylinder lock core. y

.- y 10, In a lock of the class described, a core housing, a cylinder lock core in said housing, avkey plug movable in said lock core, a retainer mounted for movement on said cylinder lock core, a scalp adapted to be secured over the 'front end of saidi vtween said button and said retainer through an opening in said scalp whereby said retainer, saidscalp and said button form a sub-assembly for 4easy application to said cylinder lock corel and with said button and retainer movable as a unit relatively to said scalp and cylinder lock core, and means securing said scalp to said cylinder lock core.

11. In a lock of the class described, a core heus-i" ing, a cylinder lock core in said housing, a key plug movable in said cylinder lock core, tumblers locking said key plug against rotation relatively ,to said cylinder lock core until said tumblers arev llo ,cylinder lock core, a button movable on the out- 'side surface of said scalp, means extending beproperly positioned by a key, a retainer movably' mounted on said cylinder lock ycore and adapted when in a retaining position to retain said cylinder lock core in said core housing and when in yits release position to release said cylinder lock core for movement out of said core housing, and' means forming an integral part of said retainer extending outwardly of said cylinder lock core for manual manipulation.

I 12. In a lock of the class described, a core hous,VV

vai

ing, a cylinder lock core in said housing, a key' plug mvable in said cylinder lock core, tumblers locking said key plug against rotation relatively .to said cylinder lock core untilsaid tumblers are properly lpositioned by a key, a retainer movablyl mounted on said cylinder lockcore and adapted when in a retaining position to retain said cylinder lock core in said core housing and when in its Arelease position to release said cylinderflock core for movement out of saidcore housing', and means forming an integral part .of said retainer extending outwardly of said cylinder lock core for manual manipulation, the setting of said tumblers into a predetermined position releasing said retainer for movement out of retaining position and-into release position by said means.

13. In a lock of the class described, -a core housing, a cylinder lock core in said housing, a l key plug movable in said cylinder lock core,'tum

.blers and drivers operating in aligned openings in said cylinder lock core and key plug and set by a key in a key way formed in said key plug, a retainer movably mounted insaid cylinder lock I core and adapted when in a retaining position to retain said cylinder lock .core in said core housing and when in its release position to release said cylinder lock core for movement out l 4of said ,core housing, the setting of vsaid tumblers and drivers into a predetermined position rehousing, `a cylinder lock core in said housing, a :key ,plug movable in said cylinder lock core,

tumblers and drivers operating in aligned openn.ings in said cylinder lock core yand key plug and .l 'set Yby a iger in a keywav formed 'in Said ker plus.

.aero-862 a retainer movably mounted in `said cylinder .lock core and adaptedA when in a retaining position to retain said cylinder lock core in said core housiing and when in its release position to release said cylinder lock core for movement out of said 'core housing, said drivers preventing the mover'nent of said retainer to release position until certain slots in said drivers arevproperly. aligned by said key operation, and means vforming an integral p art of said retainer extending outwardly of said cylinder lock core for manual manipulation. 1 15. In a lock of the class described, a core housing, a Acylinder lock core in said housing, a

from said core housing, said retainer being adapted for opposite sliding motion to bring'a portion thereof into a retaining position relatively to a part of said core housing.

16. In a lock of the class described, a core housing, a cylinder lock core in saidhousing, a key plug movable in said lock core, tumbler-s for interlocking said cylinder lock core and key plug and set by a key in a keyway formed in said key plug, a retainer slide mounted .on said cylinder lock core for sliding motionV4 in one direction to release said cylinder lock core from said core housing, said retainer being adapted for opposite sliding motion to bring a portion thereof into Aa retaining vposition relatively to a partf of said core housing, and means secured to said retainer and extending outwardly of said cylinder lock core whereby said retainer is manually movable.

17. In a lock of the class described, a core housing, a cylinder lock ,core in said housing, a retainer slide mounted on said cylinder lock core for sliding motion to release said cylinderV lock core from said core housing, said retainer being adapted for opposite sliding motion tobring a portion thereof into -a retaining position relatively to a part of said core housing, and .means for blocking movement of said cylinder lock .core relatively to said retainer and 'out of said housing when said retainer is in said retaining position.

18. In a lock .of the class described, a core housing. a cylinder lock core in said housing, a

y retainer slide mounted in a longitudinal slotin said cylinder lockcore for sliding motion relatively to said cylinder lock core into and out of retaining position, and means for blocking the rear end .of said slot in said cylinder lock `core to prevent movement of said cylinder lock .core relatively to said retainer and out of said housing when said retainer is in said retaining position.

19. Ina lock-of the class described, a vcore holising, a cylinder lock core in said housing, akey plug rotatable in saidcylinder lock core, tumblers and drivers in aligned openings formedv in said key plugand cylinder 106k core, a retainer bar slidable on 7said cylinder lock c ore from a position in which ,an integral Aportion thereoflis interlocked with said core housing into .a second position in which Isaid integral portion lis out'of interlocking Arelation -to said cylinder lock C Ore.

said drivers having slots into which a portion of said retainer .enters .as it moves to saidsecond .positiva the aliment O f. Said ,slats ,being a rsquisite to said movement of the retainer, and

means formed as a part of said retainer and posif lock core whereby to release said cylinder lock core from said core housing and to lock said cylinder lock core in said housing, and means for ,blocking movement of said cylinder lock core relatively to said retainer and out of said housing when said retainer is in position to lock said cylinder lock core in said housing.

THEODORE H. JOHNSTONE. 

